Projectile.



R. MACHENBACH.

PROJECTILE.

APPLICATION men JUNE 19, 1914.

1,165,525, Patented Dec. 28,1915. I

fa 2 5 f UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD MACHENBACH, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM OF SPBENGSTOFF .A.-G. CARBONIT, OF HAMBURG, GERMANY.

PBOJECTILE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 28, 1915.

Application filed June 19, 1914. Serial No. 846,069.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD MACKEN- EACH, a subject of the German Emperor, and residing at Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Projectiles, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention refers to projectiles having a larger diameter than the bore of the fire-arm or gun, from which it is to be fired. In projectiles of this type the body of the projectile is provided with a rod adapted to extend into and fit in the barrel of the gun or rifle. These projectiles are provided with packings which consist of packing elements attached to the end of the guide rod and adapted to be deformed by the action of the pressure of the gases produced by firing, thereby pressing the packing elements outward against the wall of the barrel. This is done either by means of an expansion member placed within the hollow prolongation of the rod and which is driven or shot into the hollow or by means of a plastic hollow body which is fastened on the thinner end of the rod or by creating an expansion of the hollow prolongation by the direct action of the explosion of the gases. All these packing means ar only of advantage when used in connection with rifle barrels, since the presence of the rifles or grooves which for instance in the modern guns have a twist of about 5 causes generally either the projectile body itself to tear ofl from the guide rod or the packing element from guide rod, on account of the inertia of the projectile, unless one is prepared to be satisfied with an insuflicient packing and a small shot range. The power which is considerable on account of the steep angle of the rifles and the small leverage gained by the small diameter of the rod on which leverage the said power acts will have the efiect that the acceleration of the speed of rotation created on firing will be greater than the inertia of the projectile will allow, and the consequence is, that either the parts of the packing driven into the grooves or rifles will be sheared off on the sharp edges of the rifles, or a torslon strain is created on that point, where the rod is attached to the projectile bodv, to such an extent that rupture is unavoidable. It has been tried to do away with these inconveniences by journaling the guide rod provided w ith one or more guiding rings in the pro ectlle body proper. However by these means the inconveniencesare not fully done away with because the guide rod, which itself also has a considerable inertia and 0 will have to partake in the rotation, is freouently severed from the packing. Accordingto the present invention the said inconvenlences are completely done away with by attaching the packing rotativelv to the end of the guide rod. The packing may be provided with an expansion member or not and is adapted to be pressed against the wall of the barrel by the action of the gun powder gases. A package of this description combines a complete gas tightness with the possibility of firing the projectiles from guns having no rifles as well as from such in which the rifles have larger or varying an le of twists.

The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawing in two modes of construction by way of example.

In the construction shown in Figure 1 the guide rod a is provided with a hollow conically bored packing element 6 made of copper or the like, in such manner that it can rotate on a central axis of the cylindrical part c of the guide rod. It is firmly but rotatively held thereto by a screw pin d or the like. The packing efi'ect takes place by the action of the gun powder gases forcing the expansion member e into the conical bore of the packing element 6.

In the modification shown in Fig. 2 the expansion member e is placed on the cartridge f itself and is shot into the bore of the packing element 6 which in this case is cylindrically shaped.

Other modifications of the packing may be provided for, not shown in the drawing, since they are generally known, for instance, a hollow prolongation of the guide rod or a hollow expansion member made of easily deformable material, the main point being and this is the novelty, that the packing element connected with the guide rod is rotatable against the same, so that the rod will not partake in the rotation.

I claim:

1. A projectile consisting of a stationary guide-rod and a packing element rotatably secured at the inner end of said rod, said packing member having a bored out end and being constructed of material to expand by impact, so as to rotate when pro- 10 for engagement in said hollowed out portion of the packing element to expand the same whereby to produce a gas-tight joint with the bore of the barrel, said packing element being designed to turn on the rod when the projectile is fired.

RICHARD MACHENBACI-I.

Witnesses:

HUBERT HAGER, JOHANNES HEINRICH WEHRENBERG, 

